Honey bee-collected pollen richness and protein content across an agricultural land-use gradient

Higher protein content and greater taxonomic richness of pollen have been noted as beneficial for bee health, but the relationship between well how varies across landscape gradients remain understudied. We assessed correlations plant species composition in collected from honey colonies three states over 2 years. selected sites along an agricultural-grassland gradient to investigate varied with land-use. observed a weak, negative richness, although we found no evidence relationships land-use either or composition. Results suggest that by bees can, albeit weakly, correlate agroecosystems Upper Midwest, some systems, land use may minimal influence on bees.